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Showing posts with label Algebra. Show all posts
Showing posts with label Algebra. Show all posts

Monday, March 9, 2009

Solving for unknowns

Question














Solve for x: | 4 - x | = 0
Solve for x: | x - 4 | + 3 = 9
Solve for x: | -3x + 4 | = | -x + 2 |
Solve for x: | x + 2 | = | 2 - x |




Solution
Solve for x: | 4 - x | = 0

  1. x=4

  2. Test


  • |4-4|=0
  • |0| = 0
  • 0 = 0

    Solve for x: | x - 4 | + 3 = 9


    1. |x-4|=9-3

    2. |x-4|=6

    3. x=-2

    4. x=10

    5. Test


  • x=-2

  • | -2 - 4 | + 3 = 9
  • | -6 | + 3 = 9
  • 6 + 3 = 9
  • 9 = 9
  • x=10
  • | x - 4 | + 3 = 9
  • | 10 - 4 | + 3 = 9
  • | 6 | + 3 = 9
  • 6 + 3 = 9
  • 9 = 9

    Solve for x: | -3x + 4 | = | -x + 2 |

    1. x=1

    2. Test


  • | -3*1 + 4 | = | -1 + 2 |
  • | -3 + 4 | = | 1 |
  • | 1 | = | 1 |
  • 1 = 1

    Solve for x: | x + 2 | = | 2 - x |

    1. x=0

    2. Test


  • | 0 + 2 | = | 2 - 0 |
  • | 2 | = | 2|
  • 2=2

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    Solving unknowns

    Question
    3-4k+5(k-6)=2
    Solve for k




    Solution

    1. 3-4k+5k-30=2

    2. 5k-4k+3-30=2

    3. k-27=2

    4. k=2+27

    5. k=29

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    Friday, February 20, 2009

    How to compute for gain and loss?

    Question
    The selling price of 10 articles is equal to cost price of 11 articles. Find the gain or loss per cent.




    Solution
    Let P = selling price
    C = cost

    Therefore, the above word problem is translated to the following equation
    10P = 11C
    Isolating P results to
    P = 1.1C

    Gain or loss, in percentage, is calculated by
    P-C
    ----x100%
    C

    Therefore,

    1.1C - C
    --------x 100%
    C

    Therefore the gain is 10%

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    How to compute for the length and width of a rectangle?

    Question
    A pond is enclosed by a wooden deck that is 3 feet wide. The fence surrounding the deck is 100 feet long. If the pond is rectangular and the length of the pond is to be three times its width, what are its dimensions?



    Solution
    Let x = width of the pond
    3x = length of the pond
    Perimeter of the rectangle = 100 ft
    The formula for perimeter is 2x + 6x = 100

    Hence,
    8x = 100
    x = 12.5

    Therefore, the width of the pond is 12.50 feet and its length is 37.50 feet.

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    How to solve for a quadratic equation?

    Question
    A company sells shoes for $40 per pair if less than 50 pair are ordered. If more than 50 are ordered (up to 600), the price is reduced at a rate of $.04 times the number oredered. How many pairs can a dealer purchase for $8400



    Solution
    Let x = number of shoes which can be purchased by $8,400
    Therefore,
    ($40-$0.04x)x = 8,400
    40x - 0.04x^2 = 8400

    The above equation is a simple quadratic equation.

    Divide both sides of the equation by 0.04 to get
    1,000x - x^2 = 210,000
    Multiply both sides by -1 to get
    x^2 - 1000x = -210000
    Transform the above quadratic equation to get
    x^2 - 1000x + 210000 = 0
    Solve for the roots of the quadratic equation by thinking of two numbers when multiplied equals 210,000 and when added equals 1000 --- 700 and 300!

    Hence, (x - 700)(x - 300) = 0
    Therefore,
    x1 = 700
    x2 = 300

    If you test the above numbers by substituting them in the quadratic equation 40x - 0.04x^2 = 8400, both numbers arrive at $8,400. This means that if you buy 300 pairs of shoes, you will pay $8,400 AND if you buy 700 pairs of shoes, you will still pay $8,400!

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    Investment allocation

    Question
    Need to know how much of 4200 investment was at 15% and how much of 4200 investment was at 8% to equal profit of 448.



    Solution
    If you have available funds for investment and you want to create an investment plan in order for you to achieve a certain return on investment, then there is a need to allocate your investments.

    For the investment problem above, the target return on investment of $4,200 is $448 and the investment portfolio is comprised of an investment with a return of 15% and another with a return of 8%.

    So, how do we compute for the funds to be allocated to each investment option?

    Let x = investment with a return of 15%
    (4,200-x) = investment with a return of 8%

    Therefore, the expected return on investment is .15x + .08(4,200-x) = 448

    Simplify .07x + 336 = 448

    Isolate x
    x = $1,600

    Therefore, the investor needs to invest $1,600 in the investment with an expected return of 15% and $2,600 in the investment with an expected return of 8% to achieve a portfolio rate of return of 10.67% or $448.

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    Thursday, February 19, 2009

    Rewriting mathematical equations

    Question
    8x-y=19
    y+3x=7
    How do you put the y under the y and the x under the x?
    This question address how to rewrite equation.




    Solution
    The following steps teach students rewriting equations:
    1. Isolate the variable you want to put the original equation under.
    Equation 1: 8x-y=19
    For y
    -y = 19-8x
    For x
    8x = 19 + y

    Equation 2: y+3x=7
    For y
    y = 19-3x
    For x
    3x = 7-y

    2. Simply.
    Equation 1: 8x-y=19
    For y
    -y = 19-8x
    -1(-y = 19-8x)
    y = -19+8x
    For x
    8x = 19 + y
    -----------
    8
    x = 2.375 + 0.125y

    Equation 2: y+3x=7
    For y
    y = 19-3x ===> already simplified
    For x
    3x = 7-y
    --------
    3
    x = 2.33 - 0.33y

    3. Rearrange
    Equation 1: 8x-y=19
    For y
    -y = 19-8x
    -1(-y = 19-8x)
    y = -19+8x
    y = 8x - 19
    For x
    8x = 19 + y
    -----------
    8
    x = 2.375 + 0.125y
    x = 0.125y + 2.375

    Equation 2: y+3x=7
    For y
    y = 19-3x ===> already simplified
    y = -3x + 19
    For x
    3x = 7-y
    --------
    3
    x = 2.33 - 0.33y
    x = -0.33y + 2.33


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    Friday, February 13, 2009

    How to simplify complex fractions?

    Question
    Note: I had a difficulty understanding the equation. Below is my understanding of the equation.






    (m + 2)* (m - 2)
    --------------------
    (2m + 4) * (m^2 - 4)






    Solution
    First, breakdown the equation to its simplest form. Hence

    (m + 2)* (m - 2) (m + 2)* (m - 2)
    -------------------- = ------------------------------
    (2m + 4) * (m^2 - 4) 2 * (m + 2) * (m -2) * (m-2)

    Now, you can cancel like numbers. Meaning if a number is in the numerator AND denominator, then they cancel each other. Hence, (m + 2) and (m -2) are canceled in the numerator and denominator.

    Therefore,
    1
    ------------------
    2* (m-2)

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    How to solve for and find a missing fractions?

    Question
    If a certain fraction is multiplied by 4 and the result subtracted from twice the reciprocal of the original fraction there remains 1/2 of the original fraction. find the original fraction.




    Solution
    Let x = missing fractions
    Then, the above word problem can be states as 2*(1/x) - 4x = (1/2)*x
    Solve for x by isolating all variables with x.
    Hence, 2/x - 4x - x/2 = 0.
    Simplify 2/x - 4x - x/2.
    (2/x - 4x - x/2)*2x = 0
    (4 - 8x^2 - x^2)/2x = 0
    (4 - 9x^2) = 0
    (-3x + 2) * (3x +2) = 0
    Then, look for x
    (-3x + 2)= 0 =====> -3x = -2 =====> x = 2/3
    (3x +2) = 0 =====> 3x = -2 =====> x = -2/3

    Now, test the validity of the two solutions above by substituting them in the formula 2*(1/x) - 4x = (1/2)*x.
    1. x = 2/3 ======> 2*(3/2) - 4*(2/3) = (1/2)*(2/3) ====> 2/6 = 2/6
    2. x = -2/3 ======> 2*(-3/2) - 4*(-2/3) = (1/2)*(-2/3) ====> -2/6 = -2/6
    Now, there is actually only ONE answer the above problem. The answer is 2/3 BECAUSE fractions are usually POSITIVE.

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    Tuesday, February 10, 2009

    Total miles ridden

    Question
    Nicole rides her bike every day. If she rides at a constant speed of 10 mph every time she rides, how many miles will she ride if she rides for 30 minutes on Monday, 45 minutes on Tuesday, and 20 minutes on Wednesday?




    Solution
    Monday 30minutes x 10mph = 5.0 miles
    Tuesday 45minutes x 10mph = 7.5 miles
    Wednesday 20minutes x 10mph = 3.3 miles

    Total miles ridden: 15.8 miles

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    writing equations and determining range of functions

    Question
    John's old '87 Lebaron has a 15 gal gas tank and gets 23 mpg. The number of miles he can drive is a function of how much gas is in the tank. Require (a) write this relationship in equation form and (b) determine the domain and range of the function in the context.




    Solution
    Let x = gallons of gas in the tank
    y = number of miles

    Therefore, y = 23x which is bounded by the following ranges:
    1. 0 <= x <= 23 for the amount of gas in the tank can not go below 0 and above 15 gallons
    2. 0 <= y <= 345 for the number of miles John can travel can not go below 0 and above 345 miles (23 mpg multiplied by 14 gallons)

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    How many miles should Jane be allowed as a business expense?

    Question
    Jane Manning, an outside business woman, uses her car for both business and pleasure. Last year, she traveled 30,000 miles using 900 gallons of gas. Her car gets 40 miles per gallon on the Highway, and 25 mpg in the city. She can deduct all highway travel, but no city travel, on her taxes.

    How many miles should Jane be allowed as a business
    expense?



    Solution

    Let x = gas spent in the Highway

    y = gas spent in the City

    Therefore,
    Equation 1: x + y = 900

    Therefore,

    Equation 2: 40x + 25y = 36,000

    Transform

    Equation 1 to x = 900 – y


    Substitute the above equation in Equation 2


    Which is equal to 36,000 – 40y + 25y = 30,000


    Simplify the above equation to 6,000 = 15y


    Hence, y = 400 AND x = 500

    Therefore, Jane can deduct 500 gallons OR 10,000 miles on her taxes.


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